Shiva Global Environmental Private Limited

During distillation, water is boiled in a boiling chamber until it evaporates into steam. This steam is then captured and condensed into a clean container. 

The majority of inorganic compounds and non-volatile molecules are unable to evaporate with water, and end up left behind in the boiling chamber. 

Small-scale distillation units look a little like coffee pots. They consist of a boiling chamber, condensing chamber (or coils), and a storage container for the clean water. 

The distillation process is as follows: 

1. Water is heated in a boiling chamber. The water is heated to a rolling boil, which causes evaporation and steam production.
2. Steam leaves the boiling chamber. The steam from the boiling water rises through a vent into a stainless steel condenser. Any microorganisms, impurities and contaminants that are unable to convert into gas particles are left behind in the boiling chamber.
3. Steam condenses. Once steam reaches the condenser, it is chilled by a fan until it turns back into water droplets. These droplets are now ready to be collected in a clean container - but there is one final filtration stage first. 
4. Remaining contaminants are removed. Any impurities that have evaporated and condensed with water can now be removed. Usually, an activated carbon filter will trap these contaminants using the process of adsorption.
5. Water collects in a storage container. After passing through the filtration media, water will drip out of the distiller’s spout and into a holding container. This water is now clean, pure, and ready for use.

Distillation can remove a broad range of contaminants from water, including nitrate, iron, lead, hardness, and some microorganisms. 

The overall effectiveness of distillation depends on the contaminants the water contains. For instance, some organic compounds, like benzene, have lower boiling points than water. 

This means that these contaminants will end up re-contaminating water once it has condensed into liquid form. Most distillers use a filter media, typically activated carbon, to trap any lingering contaminants before water can leave the machine. 

Water distillation is not a fast process. The average countertop water distiller takes between 4 and 6 hours to produce a single gallon of purified water. Water is produced one droplet at a time. 

This process can be accelerated using a larger distiller, which may be able to produce up to three gallons of water per hour, depending on the system. However, there is no speeding up the distillation process. For anyone looking to produce large batches of distilled water, the better alternative would be to use a water distillation plant. 

RELATED: What is Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD)?

A water distillation plant is a large-scale distillation solution that can be used for commercial or manufacturing purposes. 

Distiller plants are a lot more capable than single-use countertop distillers. Depending on the number of units used, distillation plants may be able to produce up to hundreds of liters of purified water per hour. 

There are a number of industries that may require large-scale production of distilled water. These include laboratories, cosmetic manufacturers, and automotive businesses. Distilled water may also be used in canning produce and brewing beer. Some bottled water manufacturers produce and sell distilled water. 

A distillation plant offers a higher level of performance, which is essential for industries that require large quantities of distilled water in day-to-day operation. 

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